Similar to the preceding popes of Avignon, Gregory XI designed the fatal slip-up of appointing Frenchmen, who did not fully grasp the Italians and whom the Italians hated, as legates and governors from the ecclesiastical provinces in Italy. The Florentines, on the other hand, feared that a strengthening from the papal electric power in Italy would impair their particular Status in Central Italy and allied themselves with Bernabo in July, 1375. Equally Bernabo and the Florentines did their utmost to stir up an insurrection within the pontifical territory among the all those that had been dissatisfied While using the papal legates in Italy. They had been so prosperous that within a quick time your complete Patrimony of St. Peter was up in arms towards the pope. Hugely incensed on the seditious proceedings from the Florentines, Gregory XI imposed a very severe punishment upon them. He place Florence less than interdict, excommunicated its inhabitants, and outlawed them and their possessions. The money decline which the Florentines sustained thus was inestimable. They despatched St. Catherine of Siena to intercede for them with Gregory XI, but pissed off her initiatives by continuing their hostilities against the pope. Inside the midst of such disturbances Gregory XI, yielding into the urgent prayers of St. Catherine, decided to get rid of the papal see to Rome, Regardless of the protests of the French King and the vast majority of the cardinals.
Born in 1331, in the castle of Maumont while in the Dioceses of Limoges ; died 27 March, 1378, at Rome. He was a nephew of Pope Clement VI, who heaped various benefices upon him and finally developed him cardinal deacon in 1348, when he was only eighteen several years of age. As cardinal he attended the College of Perugia, turned a skilled canonist and theologian, and gained the esteem of all by his humility and purity of heart. Once the Loss of life of City V, the cardinals unanimously elected him pope at Avignon, on December, 1370. He selected the title of Gregory XI, had himself ordained priest on four January, 1371, and was crowned pope on the following day. Quickly on his accession he attempted to reconcile the Kings of France and England, but failed. He succeeded, on the other hand, in pacifying Castile, Aragon, Navarre, Sicily, and Naples. He also made attempts in direction of the reunion with the Greek and Latin Church buildings, the enterprise of the crusade, plus the reform of your clergy.
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Quickly, even so, he had to offer his whole attention into the turbulent affairs of Italy. Duke Bernabo Visconti of Milan, an inveterate enemy of your papacy, had in Roger St 1371 manufactured himself master of Reggio together with other locations which were feudatory for the Holy See. When all other indicates to convey him to conditions had failed, Gregory XI positioned him underneath the ban. Bernabo compelled the legates that introduced him the Bull of excommunication to take in the parchment on which his excommunication was published, and heaped all kinds of other insults upon them. Hereupon Gregory XI declared war upon him in 1372. Achievement was at the beginning around the aspect of Bernabo, but when Gregory XI received the assistance of the emperor, the Queen of Naples, the King of Hungary, and purchased into his support the English condottiere John Hawkwood, Bernabo sued for peace. By bribing a lot of the papal councillors he obtained a favourable truce on 6 June, 1374.
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The community subsequently tailored a rule modeled upon that of your Weak Clares. Roger assisted at Philippa’s deathbed, and at her burial praised her good sanctity, a judgment verified several many years later when Philippa was beatified. Roger died lower than a year immediately after Philippa. Roger’s personal sanctity was attested by Pope Gregory IX, who knew him personally.
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Born in 1579, John Ogilvie belonged to Scottish nobility. Lifted a Calvinist, he was educated over the continent. Exposed to the religious controversies of his day and impressed Using the religion with the martyrs, he made a decision to turn into a Catholic. In 1596, at age seventeen he was obtained to the Church at Louvain. Later on John attended several different Catholic instructional establishments, and eventually he sought admission in to the Jesuits. He was ordained at Paris in 1610 and requested for being sent to Scotland, hoping some Catholic nobles there would assist him supplied his lineage. Obtaining none, he went to London, then again to Paris, And at last returned to Scotland.
A native of Todi, Italy, Roger was admitted towards the Franciscan Order by Saint Francis himself in 1216. Roger resolved to model his perform upon the examples of Francis and a number of other of Italy’s other saints. Francis was so impressed by Roger’s virtues that he usually chosen him for your activity of accompanying him on his journeys to win souls for Christ. Francis also assigned him to provide spiritual path to a fledgling community of consecrated Ladies in Rieti led by Blessed Philippa Mareri.